Catalysts Derived from Waste Sources in the Production of Biodiesel Using Waste Cooking Oil

Catalysts Derived from Waste Sources in the Production of Biodiesel Using Waste Cooking Oil

Catalysts fully derived from waste materials in order to make sustainable chemical reactions have been a recent topic of interest. Calcined (900 ◦C, 2 h) calcium oxide (CaO) sourced from waste mud crab shells and cockleshells were mixed in a 1:1 mass ratio to be used for transesterification of wast...

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Main Authors: Gaanty Pragas, Maniam, Boey, Peng Lim, Shangeetha, Ganesan, Melati, Khairuddean
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2012
Subjects:
Q Science (General)
Online Access:http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/4089/
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/4089/
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/4089/
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/4089/1/fist-2012-gaanty-catalysts_derived_from_abs_only.pdf
id ump-4089
recordtype eprints
spelling ump-40892017-09-15T02:32:03Z http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/4089/ Catalysts Derived from Waste Sources in the Production of Biodiesel Using Waste Cooking Oil Gaanty Pragas, Maniam Boey, Peng Lim Shangeetha, Ganesan Melati, Khairuddean Q Science (General) Catalysts fully derived from waste materials in order to make sustainable chemical reactions have been a recent topic of interest. Calcined (900 ◦C, 2 h) calcium oxide (CaO) sourced from waste mud crab shells and cockleshells were mixed in a 1:1 mass ratio to be used for transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) at 5 wt.% catalyst and a methanol to oil molar ratio of 13:1 for 3 h at methanol refluxing temperature to give 98% conversion. Then, boiler ash (BA) from agricultural waste was used to transesterify WCO at 3 wt.% catalyst and a methanol to oil molar ratio of 15:1 for 0.5 h at methanol refluxing temperature to give 89% conversion. In order to reduce the reaction time (for CaO-catalyzed reaction) and to increase the conversion (for BA-catalyzed reaction) various amounts of BA were added to 5 wt.% of mixed CaO and optimized using Central Composite Design (CCD). The optimized conditions predicted by CCD were found to be 3.39 wt.% boiler ash, with a reaction time of 32.3 min and a conversion of 99.5%. The predicted results agree with the experimental results (3 wt.% boiler ash, reaction time of 30 min with 99% conversion). Elsevier 2012-08-01 Article PeerReviewed application/pdf en http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/4089/1/fist-2012-gaanty-catalysts_derived_from_abs_only.pdf Gaanty Pragas, Maniam and Boey, Peng Lim and Shangeetha, Ganesan and Melati, Khairuddean (2012) Catalysts Derived from Waste Sources in the Production of Biodiesel Using Waste Cooking Oil. Catalysis Today, 190 (Issue ). pp. 117-121. ISSN 0920-5861 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2011.11.027 DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2011.11.027
repository_type Digital Repository
institution_category Local University
institution Universiti Malaysia Pahang
building UMP Institutional Repository
collection Online Access
language English
topic Q Science (General)
spellingShingle Q Science (General)
Gaanty Pragas, Maniam
Boey, Peng Lim
Shangeetha, Ganesan
Melati, Khairuddean
Catalysts Derived from Waste Sources in the Production of Biodiesel Using Waste Cooking Oil
description Catalysts fully derived from waste materials in order to make sustainable chemical reactions have been a recent topic of interest. Calcined (900 ◦C, 2 h) calcium oxide (CaO) sourced from waste mud crab shells and cockleshells were mixed in a 1:1 mass ratio to be used for transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) at 5 wt.% catalyst and a methanol to oil molar ratio of 13:1 for 3 h at methanol refluxing temperature to give 98% conversion. Then, boiler ash (BA) from agricultural waste was used to transesterify WCO at 3 wt.% catalyst and a methanol to oil molar ratio of 15:1 for 0.5 h at methanol refluxing temperature to give 89% conversion. In order to reduce the reaction time (for CaO-catalyzed reaction) and to increase the conversion (for BA-catalyzed reaction) various amounts of BA were added to 5 wt.% of mixed CaO and optimized using Central Composite Design (CCD). The optimized conditions predicted by CCD were found to be 3.39 wt.% boiler ash, with a reaction time of 32.3 min and a conversion of 99.5%. The predicted results agree with the experimental results (3 wt.% boiler ash, reaction time of 30 min with 99% conversion).
format Article
author Gaanty Pragas, Maniam
Boey, Peng Lim
Shangeetha, Ganesan
Melati, Khairuddean
author_facet Gaanty Pragas, Maniam
Boey, Peng Lim
Shangeetha, Ganesan
Melati, Khairuddean
author_sort Gaanty Pragas, Maniam
title Catalysts Derived from Waste Sources in the Production of Biodiesel Using Waste Cooking Oil
title_short Catalysts Derived from Waste Sources in the Production of Biodiesel Using Waste Cooking Oil
title_full Catalysts Derived from Waste Sources in the Production of Biodiesel Using Waste Cooking Oil
title_fullStr Catalysts Derived from Waste Sources in the Production of Biodiesel Using Waste Cooking Oil
title_full_unstemmed Catalysts Derived from Waste Sources in the Production of Biodiesel Using Waste Cooking Oil
title_sort catalysts derived from waste sources in the production of biodiesel using waste cooking oil
publisher Elsevier
publishDate 2012
url http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/4089/
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/4089/
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/4089/
http://umpir.ump.edu.my/id/eprint/4089/1/fist-2012-gaanty-catalysts_derived_from_abs_only.pdf
first_indexed 2023-09-18T21:58:36Z
last_indexed 2023-09-18T21:58:36Z
_version_ 1777414246219382784

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