Esterification of sludge palm oil using trifluoromethanesulfonic acid for preparation of biodiesel fuel
Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TFMSA) was used to reduce the high free fatty acids (FFA) content in sludge palm oil (SPO). The FFA content of SPO was converted to fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) via esterification reaction. The treated sludge palm oil was used as a raw material for biodiesel producti...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Springer
2013
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://irep.iium.edu.my/32298/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/32298/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/32298/ http://irep.iium.edu.my/32298/1/30%286%29_1229-1234.pdf |