Closing the Gap in Education and Technology

This report focuses not only on the gaps facing Latin America in both education and technology, but especially on the interactions between the two. The central premise of the report is that skills and technology interact in important ways, and this...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	De Ferranti, David, Perry, Guillermo E., Gill, Indermit, Guasch, J. Luis, Maloney, William F., Sanchez-Paramo, Carolina, Schady, Norbert
Format:	Publication
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC: World Bank 2013
Subjects:	ACCESS TO EDUCATION ADAPTATION ADAPTIVE R&D ADDITION ADULT POPULATION ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES AGED BRAIN DRAIN CAPITA INCOME CAPITAL GOODS CHANGES IN EDUCATION COLLABORATION COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE CREATIVE R&D DATA SOURCES DEFICITS IN TECHNOLOGY DEGREE OF COMPUTER PENETRATION DEMAND FOR SKILLS DIGITAL DIVIDE ECONOMIC GROWTH EDUCATED WORKERS EDUCATION MARKET EDUCATION POLICIES EDUCATION SPENDING EDUCATION SYSTEM EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT EDUCATIONAL LEVELS EDUCATIONAL TRANSITIONS ELASTICITIES EMPLOYMENT ENGINEERING ENGINEERS ENROLLMENT RATES EXPENDITURES FACTORS OF PRODUCTION FIRM PRODUCTIVITY FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN TECHNOLOGIES GAP IN EDUCATION GLOBAL ECONOMY GOVERNMENT POLICY GROSS TERTIARY ENROLLMENT HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN CAPITAL THRESHOLD IMPORT PENETRATION IMPORTS INCENTIVES REGIME INCOME LEVELS INEQUALITY IN WAGES INNOVATION INNOVATION NETWORKS INNOVATION POLICIES INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS INTERNATIONAL TESTS OF LITERACY INTERVENTION KNOWLEDGE ABSORPTION KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY LABOR MARKET LEVEL OF EDUCATION LEVEL OF SKILL LIFELONG LEARNING MATHEMATICS MEASURES OF TECHNOLOGY MIGRATION NATIONAL HUMAN CAPITAL NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEMS NET SECONDARY ENROLLMENT NUMBER OF PATENTS NUMBER OF PATENTS PER WORKER PATENT PROTECTION PATENT REGISTRATION PATENT RIGHTS PATTERNS OF INTEGRATION POLICY INSTRUMENTS PRESENT VALUE PRIMARY SCHOOL PRIVATE PROVIDERS PRIVATE R&D PRIVATE R&D PER WORKER PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES PRODUCTIVITY GAP PRODUCTIVITY GAPS PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH PUBLIC R&D PUBLIC RESEARCH PUBLIC UNIVERSITIES PURCHASING POWER PURCHASING POWER PARITY R&D RATES OF RETURN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH SCIENTISTS SECONDARY ENROLLMENT SECONDARY ENROLLMENT DEFICITS SKILL GAP SKILL UPGRADING SKILLED ARTISANS SKILLED LABOR SKILLED WORKERS SKILLS RECRUITMENT SUPPLY OF WORKERS TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCE TECHNOLOGICAL CAPABILITIES TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE TECHNOLOGICAL FRONTIER TECHNOLOGICAL GAPS TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITION TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSITIONS TECHNOLOGY DIFFUSION TECHNOLOGY GAP TECHNOLOGY POLICY TECHNOLOGY SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER TECHNOLOGY-SKILL COMPLEMENTARITIES TERTIARY EDUCATION TERTIARY ENROLLMENT TERTIARY ENROLLMENT DEFICITS TRAINING INTERVENTIONS TRAINING PROVIDERS VOCATIONAL EDUCATION WORKPLACE TECHNOLOGY KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT PRODUCTIVITY INNOVATIONS TRAINING EDUCATION & ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PATENTS PROPERTY RIGHTS SYSTEMS PRIMARY EDUCATION SECONDARY EDUCATION
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2003/03/2285821/closing-gap-education-technology http://hdl.handle.net/10986/15168

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Summary:	This report focuses not only on the gaps facing Latin America in both education and technology, but especially on the interactions between the two. The central premise of the report is that skills and technology interact in important ways, and this relationship is a fundamental reason for the large observed differences in productivity and incomes across countries. This report argues that skills upgrading technological change, and their interaction are major factors behind total factor productivity growth. Skill-biased technological change is indeed being transferred today at faster speeds to LAC countries, as elsewhere. Technological change has been complementary with skill levels in Latin America in the last two decades. It is further estimated that firms have substantially increased the demand for educated workers in the region, particularly workers with tertiary education. This technological transformation appears to be intimately related to patterns of integration in the world economy. Firms in sectors with higher exposure to trade are subject to more competitive pressures. Adopting and adapting more advanced technologies and hiring and training more educated workers is one way to respond to this pressure to become more productive. The increased potential demand for education offers the possibility to accelerate productivity growth in the economy by closing the educational and technological gaps that Latin American countries exhibit with respect to their peers.

Closing the Gap in Education and Technology

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