Shaping the Future : A Long-Term Perspective of People and Job Mobility in the Middle East and North Africa
The objective of this study is to provide a long-term perspective for the ongoing policy dialogue on the management of labor migration in Europe and the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries. It is organized as follows. Chapter one puts the...
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| Format: | Policy Note |
| Language: | English en_US |
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Washington, DC
2014
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2009/01/11053888/shaping-future-long-term-perspective-people-job-mobility-middle-east-north-africa http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18546 |
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okr-10986-18546 |
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oai_dc |
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Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
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Digital Repositories |
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World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
ABUSE ADULT POPULATION AGE GROUP AGGREGATE INCOME AGRICULTURAL POLICIES ASYLUM ASYLUM POLICIES ATTRITION AVERAGE EDUCATION LEVEL BRAIN DRAIN CLIMATE CHANGE COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN COUNTRY OF ORIGIN DECLINES IN FERTILITY DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE DEMOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES DISPLACEMENT DISSEMINATION ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INTEGRATION EDUCATED MIGRANTS EDUCATION SYSTEMS ELDERLY EMPLOYMENT CREATION EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT SITUATION FAMILY FORMATION FAMILY REUNIFICATION FEMALE MIGRANTS FERTILITY FERTILITY RATES FEWER PEOPLE FLOW OF MIGRANTS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN LABOR FOREIGN WORKERS FUTURE GROWTH GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT GLOBAL WORKFORCE GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT HEALTH CARE HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH SERVICES HIGH ILLITERACY RATES HOME COUNTRIES HOST COUNTRIES HOUSEHOLD INCOME HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN RIGHTS IMMIGRANT IMMIGRANTS IMMIGRATION IMMIGRATION COUNTRIES IMMIGRATION POLICIES IMPACT OF MIGRATION INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT INFANT INFANT MORTALITY INFANT MORTALITY RATES INFORMATION SYSTEM INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL MOBILITY INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL POLICY INTERNATIONAL REFUGEES INTERNATIONALIZATION INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION IRREGULAR MIGRANTS IRREGULAR MIGRATION JOB COUNSELING JOB CREATION JOB OPPORTUNITIES JOB VACANCIES JOB VACANCY JOBS LABOR DEMAND LABOR EXPLOITATION LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE GROWTH LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR FORCES LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET NEEDS LABOR MARKET REFORMS LABOR MARKETS LABOR MIGRATION LABOR MOBILITY LABOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH LABOR SHORTAGES LABOR SUPPLY LABOUR LEGAL STATUS LEVEL OF EDUCATION LIFE EXPECTANCIES LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVING STANDARDS LONG-TERM RESIDENTS LONGER LIFE LOW FERTILITY LOW LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LOWER FERTILITY MANPOWER MATERNAL MORTALITY MIGRANT MIGRANT LABOR MIGRANT POPULATIONS MIGRANT WORKERS MIGRANTS MIGRATION MIGRATION FLOWS MIGRATION POLICIES MIGRATION POLICY MIGRATION STATISTICS MIGRATORY MOVEMENTS MOBILITY OF LABOR MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE NATIONAL BOUNDARIES NATIONALS NATIVE WORKERS NATURAL DISASTERS NET EMPLOYMENT NURSES OCCUPATION OCCUPATIONS OLD-AGE PENSIONS POLICY DIALOGUE POLICY FRAMEWORK POLICY MAKERS POLITICAL INSTABILITY POPULATION GROWTH POPULATION INCREASE POPULATION MOVEMENTS POTENTIAL MIGRANTS POVERTY REDUCTION PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIME EXAMPLE PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR JOB PROGRESS PROTECTED INDUSTRIES PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT QUALITY OF EDUCATION QUALITY OF LIFE REAL WAGES REASONABLE ASSUMPTIONS RECIPIENT COUNTRIES REFUGEE REFUGEES REMITTANCE REMITTANCES REPLACEMENT WORKERS RESPECT RETIREMENT RETURN MIGRATION RISING UNEMPLOYMENT RISING UNEMPLOYMENT RATES SAFETY NETS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY LEVELS OF EDUCATION SERVICE SECTOR SIGNIFICANT POLICY SKILL LEVEL SKILL SHORTAGES SKILL STRUCTURE SKILLED LABOR SKILLED MANPOWER SKILLED MIGRANTS SKILLED PERSONNEL SKILLED WORKER SKILLED WORKERS SKILLED WORKFORCE SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL CONFLICT SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL SCIENCES SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL TENSIONS SOCIAL WELFARE STATE PLANNING SUPPLIERS TEMPORARY MIGRATION TERRORIST TERTIARY EDUCATION TOTAL EMPLOYMENT TOTAL LABOR FORCE TRAINING CENTERS TRAINING PROGRAMS TRANSPORTATION UNDOCUMENTED MIGRANTS UNDOCUMENTED MIGRATION UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT PROBLEM UNEMPLOYMENT RATES VOCATIONAL TRAINING VULNERABILITY WAR WARS WORKFORCE WORKING CONDITIONS WORKING-AGE POPULATION WORLD POPULATION XENOPHOBIA YOUNG WORKERS YOUTH ILLITERACY YOUTH ILLITERACY RATE |
| spellingShingle |
ABUSE ADULT POPULATION AGE GROUP AGGREGATE INCOME AGRICULTURAL POLICIES ASYLUM ASYLUM POLICIES ATTRITION AVERAGE EDUCATION LEVEL BRAIN DRAIN CLIMATE CHANGE COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN COUNTRY OF ORIGIN DECLINES IN FERTILITY DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE DEMOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES DISPLACEMENT DISSEMINATION ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INTEGRATION EDUCATED MIGRANTS EDUCATION SYSTEMS ELDERLY EMPLOYMENT CREATION EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT SITUATION FAMILY FORMATION FAMILY REUNIFICATION FEMALE MIGRANTS FERTILITY FERTILITY RATES FEWER PEOPLE FLOW OF MIGRANTS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN LABOR FOREIGN WORKERS FUTURE GROWTH GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT GLOBAL WORKFORCE GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT HEALTH CARE HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH SERVICES HIGH ILLITERACY RATES HOME COUNTRIES HOST COUNTRIES HOUSEHOLD INCOME HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN RIGHTS IMMIGRANT IMMIGRANTS IMMIGRATION IMMIGRATION COUNTRIES IMMIGRATION POLICIES IMPACT OF MIGRATION INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT INFANT INFANT MORTALITY INFANT MORTALITY RATES INFORMATION SYSTEM INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL MOBILITY INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL POLICY INTERNATIONAL REFUGEES INTERNATIONALIZATION INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION IRREGULAR MIGRANTS IRREGULAR MIGRATION JOB COUNSELING JOB CREATION JOB OPPORTUNITIES JOB VACANCIES JOB VACANCY JOBS LABOR DEMAND LABOR EXPLOITATION LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE GROWTH LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR FORCES LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET NEEDS LABOR MARKET REFORMS LABOR MARKETS LABOR MIGRATION LABOR MOBILITY LABOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH LABOR SHORTAGES LABOR SUPPLY LABOUR LEGAL STATUS LEVEL OF EDUCATION LIFE EXPECTANCIES LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVING STANDARDS LONG-TERM RESIDENTS LONGER LIFE LOW FERTILITY LOW LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LOWER FERTILITY MANPOWER MATERNAL MORTALITY MIGRANT MIGRANT LABOR MIGRANT POPULATIONS MIGRANT WORKERS MIGRANTS MIGRATION MIGRATION FLOWS MIGRATION POLICIES MIGRATION POLICY MIGRATION STATISTICS MIGRATORY MOVEMENTS MOBILITY OF LABOR MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE NATIONAL BOUNDARIES NATIONALS NATIVE WORKERS NATURAL DISASTERS NET EMPLOYMENT NURSES OCCUPATION OCCUPATIONS OLD-AGE PENSIONS POLICY DIALOGUE POLICY FRAMEWORK POLICY MAKERS POLITICAL INSTABILITY POPULATION GROWTH POPULATION INCREASE POPULATION MOVEMENTS POTENTIAL MIGRANTS POVERTY REDUCTION PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIME EXAMPLE PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR JOB PROGRESS PROTECTED INDUSTRIES PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT QUALITY OF EDUCATION QUALITY OF LIFE REAL WAGES REASONABLE ASSUMPTIONS RECIPIENT COUNTRIES REFUGEE REFUGEES REMITTANCE REMITTANCES REPLACEMENT WORKERS RESPECT RETIREMENT RETURN MIGRATION RISING UNEMPLOYMENT RISING UNEMPLOYMENT RATES SAFETY NETS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY LEVELS OF EDUCATION SERVICE SECTOR SIGNIFICANT POLICY SKILL LEVEL SKILL SHORTAGES SKILL STRUCTURE SKILLED LABOR SKILLED MANPOWER SKILLED MIGRANTS SKILLED PERSONNEL SKILLED WORKER SKILLED WORKERS SKILLED WORKFORCE SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL CONFLICT SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL SCIENCES SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL TENSIONS SOCIAL WELFARE STATE PLANNING SUPPLIERS TEMPORARY MIGRATION TERRORIST TERTIARY EDUCATION TOTAL EMPLOYMENT TOTAL LABOR FORCE TRAINING CENTERS TRAINING PROGRAMS TRANSPORTATION UNDOCUMENTED MIGRANTS UNDOCUMENTED MIGRATION UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT PROBLEM UNEMPLOYMENT RATES VOCATIONAL TRAINING VULNERABILITY WAR WARS WORKFORCE WORKING CONDITIONS WORKING-AGE POPULATION WORLD POPULATION XENOPHOBIA YOUNG WORKERS YOUTH ILLITERACY YOUTH ILLITERACY RATE World Bank Shaping the Future : A Long-Term Perspective of People and Job Mobility in the Middle East and North Africa |
| geographic_facet |
Middle East and North Africa |
| description |
The objective of this study is to
provide a long-term perspective for the ongoing policy
dialogue on the management of labor migration in Europe and
the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries. It is
organized as follows. Chapter one puts the report and
migration in the context of the economic and social
development in MENA countries. Chapter two provides the
historical context of MENA migration patterns and an
overview of the presence and skill characteristics of
migrants in Organization for Economic Co-operation and
Development (OECD) countries today. This chapter also
discusses the potential for insourcing, that is, migration
of jobs into the region as an alternative or complement to
labor migration. Chapter three analyzes the demand and
supply framework for migration, the determinants of
migration patterns, and the potential demand for labor in
the European Union (EU), and the characteristics and trends
of MENA labor supply. Chapter four looks to the worldwide
impact of demographic and labor force developments in the
decades ahead and their implications on labor and job
mobility. The chapter analyzes the likely population and
labor force growth in Europe and MENA, the challenges this
growth poses, and the scope for demographic arbitrage
between the two regions. This chapter provides the basis for
the fifth and concluding chapter. Chapter five covers the
institutional setup and the various economic and social
protection policies and practices worldwide that have a
strong and positive bearing on migration flows and presents
a conceptual framework on both the labor and job sending and
receiving sides that can be used by policy makers to
articulate, defend, and implement a collaborative approach
to the challenges ahead. |
| format |
Economic & Sector Work :: Policy Note |
| author |
World Bank |
| author_facet |
World Bank |
| author_sort |
World Bank |
| title |
Shaping the Future : A Long-Term Perspective of People and Job Mobility in the Middle East and North Africa |
| title_short |
Shaping the Future : A Long-Term Perspective of People and Job Mobility in the Middle East and North Africa |
| title_full |
Shaping the Future : A Long-Term Perspective of People and Job Mobility in the Middle East and North Africa |
| title_fullStr |
Shaping the Future : A Long-Term Perspective of People and Job Mobility in the Middle East and North Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Shaping the Future : A Long-Term Perspective of People and Job Mobility in the Middle East and North Africa |
| title_sort |
shaping the future : a long-term perspective of people and job mobility in the middle east and north africa |
| publisher |
Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2014 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2009/01/11053888/shaping-future-long-term-perspective-people-job-mobility-middle-east-north-africa http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18546 |
| _version_ |
1764440858371817472 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-185462021-04-23T14:03:45Z Shaping the Future : A Long-Term Perspective of People and Job Mobility in the Middle East and North Africa World Bank ABUSE ADULT POPULATION AGE GROUP AGGREGATE INCOME AGRICULTURAL POLICIES ASYLUM ASYLUM POLICIES ATTRITION AVERAGE EDUCATION LEVEL BRAIN DRAIN CLIMATE CHANGE COUNTRIES OF ORIGIN COUNTRY OF ORIGIN DECLINES IN FERTILITY DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE DEMOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES DISPLACEMENT DISSEMINATION ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC INTEGRATION EDUCATED MIGRANTS EDUCATION SYSTEMS ELDERLY EMPLOYMENT CREATION EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES EMPLOYMENT SITUATION FAMILY FORMATION FAMILY REUNIFICATION FEMALE MIGRANTS FERTILITY FERTILITY RATES FEWER PEOPLE FLOW OF MIGRANTS FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT FOREIGN LABOR FOREIGN WORKERS FUTURE GROWTH GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT GLOBAL WORKFORCE GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT HEALTH CARE HEALTH INSURANCE HEALTH SERVICES HIGH ILLITERACY RATES HOME COUNTRIES HOST COUNTRIES HOUSEHOLD INCOME HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT HUMAN RIGHTS IMMIGRANT IMMIGRANTS IMMIGRATION IMMIGRATION COUNTRIES IMMIGRATION POLICIES IMPACT OF MIGRATION INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT INFANT INFANT MORTALITY INFANT MORTALITY RATES INFORMATION SYSTEM INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL MOBILITY INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION INTERNATIONAL POLICY INTERNATIONAL REFUGEES INTERNATIONALIZATION INVESTMENTS IN EDUCATION IRREGULAR MIGRANTS IRREGULAR MIGRATION JOB COUNSELING JOB CREATION JOB OPPORTUNITIES JOB VACANCIES JOB VACANCY JOBS LABOR DEMAND LABOR EXPLOITATION LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCE GROWTH LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION LABOR FORCES LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET NEEDS LABOR MARKET REFORMS LABOR MARKETS LABOR MIGRATION LABOR MOBILITY LABOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH LABOR SHORTAGES LABOR SUPPLY LABOUR LEGAL STATUS LEVEL OF EDUCATION LIFE EXPECTANCIES LIFE EXPECTANCY LIVING STANDARDS LONG-TERM RESIDENTS LONGER LIFE LOW FERTILITY LOW LABOR PRODUCTIVITY LOWER FERTILITY MANPOWER MATERNAL MORTALITY MIGRANT MIGRANT LABOR MIGRANT POPULATIONS MIGRANT WORKERS MIGRANTS MIGRATION MIGRATION FLOWS MIGRATION POLICIES MIGRATION POLICY MIGRATION STATISTICS MIGRATORY MOVEMENTS MOBILITY OF LABOR MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE NATIONAL BOUNDARIES NATIONALS NATIVE WORKERS NATURAL DISASTERS NET EMPLOYMENT NURSES OCCUPATION OCCUPATIONS OLD-AGE PENSIONS POLICY DIALOGUE POLICY FRAMEWORK POLICY MAKERS POLITICAL INSTABILITY POPULATION GROWTH POPULATION INCREASE POPULATION MOVEMENTS POTENTIAL MIGRANTS POVERTY REDUCTION PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIME EXAMPLE PRIVATE SECTOR PRIVATE SECTOR JOB PROGRESS PROTECTED INDUSTRIES PUBLIC SECTOR EMPLOYMENT QUALITY OF EDUCATION QUALITY OF LIFE REAL WAGES REASONABLE ASSUMPTIONS RECIPIENT COUNTRIES REFUGEE REFUGEES REMITTANCE REMITTANCES REPLACEMENT WORKERS RESPECT RETIREMENT RETURN MIGRATION RISING UNEMPLOYMENT RISING UNEMPLOYMENT RATES SAFETY NETS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY LEVELS OF EDUCATION SERVICE SECTOR SIGNIFICANT POLICY SKILL LEVEL SKILL SHORTAGES SKILL STRUCTURE SKILLED LABOR SKILLED MANPOWER SKILLED MIGRANTS SKILLED PERSONNEL SKILLED WORKER SKILLED WORKERS SKILLED WORKFORCE SKILLS DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL CONFLICT SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL SCIENCES SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIAL TENSIONS SOCIAL WELFARE STATE PLANNING SUPPLIERS TEMPORARY MIGRATION TERRORIST TERTIARY EDUCATION TOTAL EMPLOYMENT TOTAL LABOR FORCE TRAINING CENTERS TRAINING PROGRAMS TRANSPORTATION UNDOCUMENTED MIGRANTS UNDOCUMENTED MIGRATION UNEMPLOYED UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT PROBLEM UNEMPLOYMENT RATES VOCATIONAL TRAINING VULNERABILITY WAR WARS WORKFORCE WORKING CONDITIONS WORKING-AGE POPULATION WORLD POPULATION XENOPHOBIA YOUNG WORKERS YOUTH ILLITERACY YOUTH ILLITERACY RATE The objective of this study is to provide a long-term perspective for the ongoing policy dialogue on the management of labor migration in Europe and the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries. It is organized as follows. Chapter one puts the report and migration in the context of the economic and social development in MENA countries. Chapter two provides the historical context of MENA migration patterns and an overview of the presence and skill characteristics of migrants in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries today. This chapter also discusses the potential for insourcing, that is, migration of jobs into the region as an alternative or complement to labor migration. Chapter three analyzes the demand and supply framework for migration, the determinants of migration patterns, and the potential demand for labor in the European Union (EU), and the characteristics and trends of MENA labor supply. Chapter four looks to the worldwide impact of demographic and labor force developments in the decades ahead and their implications on labor and job mobility. The chapter analyzes the likely population and labor force growth in Europe and MENA, the challenges this growth poses, and the scope for demographic arbitrage between the two regions. This chapter provides the basis for the fifth and concluding chapter. Chapter five covers the institutional setup and the various economic and social protection policies and practices worldwide that have a strong and positive bearing on migration flows and presents a conceptual framework on both the labor and job sending and receiving sides that can be used by policy makers to articulate, defend, and implement a collaborative approach to the challenges ahead. 2014-06-05T23:11:35Z 2014-06-05T23:11:35Z 2009-01 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2009/01/11053888/shaping-future-long-term-perspective-people-job-mobility-middle-east-north-africa http://hdl.handle.net/10986/18546 English en_US CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ Washington, DC Economic & Sector Work :: Policy Note Economic & Sector Work Middle East and North Africa |