The Cost of Fire : An Economic Analysis of Indonesia’s 2015 Fire Crisis
In a five-month period, man-made fire cost Indonesia $16.1 billion or 2 percent of GDP in 2015. An estimated 2.6 million hectares – an area four times the size of Bali – burned. While the 2015 fires were some of the worst in recent years (in part as a result of el Nino), they are by no means a singu...
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| Format: | Brief |
| Language: | English en_US |
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World Bank, Jakarta
2016
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/03/26010885/cost-fire-economic-analysis-indonesia’s-2015-fire-crisis http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23840 |
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okr-10986-238402021-05-25T10:54:43Z The Cost of Fire : An Economic Analysis of Indonesia’s 2015 Fire Crisis Glauber, Ann Jeannette Moyer, Sarah Adriani, Magda Gunawan, Iwan PHOTOSYNTHESIS VISIBILITY FAUNA CARBON CONTENT FIRE PREVENTION CARBON DIOXIDE AIR QUALITY LAND USES TREE OIL CONFERENCE CARBON INCOME PLANT GROWTH AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ARCHIPELAGO FIRE SUPPRESSION PRODUCERS ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS TIMBER HABITATS EMISSIONS POLITICAL ECONOMY REVENUES INCENTIVES GAS INTERNATIONAL FORESTRY RESEARCH OIL PRODUCTION AEROSOLS AIR FIRE EMISSIONS GREENHOUSE GAS ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OIL PALM PLANT PHYSICS BIOMASS AIR POLLUTANTS OIL PALM PLANTATIONS CO2 AIR POLLUTION OIL INFECTIOUS DISEASES CAPACITY GHG SWAMP USE OF FIRE EXTERNALITIES BIODIVERSITY SPECIES FLORA O3 RAINFALL POLLUTION FORESTRY BURNING CARBON SINK NATURAL RESOURCES CHEMISTRY PRIMARY FOREST EMISSIONS REDUCTION PLANT SPECIES RESOURCES PARTICULATE MATTER EMISSION GREENHOUSE CONSERVATION VALUE EMISSIONS ESTIMATES ECOSYSTEM LEAD FOOD SECURITY FORESTRY RESEARCH WAGES CLIMATE CHANGE DROUGHT CARBON STORAGE VALUES MORATORIUM DEFORESTATION CLIMATE FORESTS CONSERVATION MEASURES POLLUTANTS COLORS OIL EXPORTS TOURISM SINK FOREST OIL PRODUCERS SWAMP FOREST PARTICULATE PALM ENVIRONMENT FOREST LANDS SAVANNA TAX REVENUE POLLINATORS EXPOSURE TRADE LAND ECOSYSTEMS ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY CARBON STOCK FOOD CROPS OZONE CONSERVATION FUEL FOREST FIRES LESS REVENUE TRANSPORT COSTS PROFITS ENVIRONMENTAL BURNING BIOMASS BUSINESS AS USUAL SCENARIO OIL INDUSTRY BIODIVERSITY LOSS GENETIC CARBON EMISSION OIL PALM PRODUCTION NEGATIVE EXTERNALITIES BENEFITS NEGATIVE IMPACTS ENVIRONMENTAL DISASTER In a five-month period, man-made fire cost Indonesia $16.1 billion or 2 percent of GDP in 2015. An estimated 2.6 million hectares – an area four times the size of Bali – burned. While the 2015 fires were some of the worst in recent years (in part as a result of el Nino), they are by no means a singular event. Wide-scale fire crises occur annually in Indonesia. Indonesia’s fire story is not just one of loss and damage; fires contribute to significant economic upside for a diverse, if concentrated, group of actors. However, the majority of Indonesians suffer as a result of the economic and physical damage. This document provides a loss and damage analysis of the 2015 fires and explores not just economic costs, but environmental costs as well. It also looks at the important role that fire plays in commodity crops, particularly oil palm, and the actors who benefit. 2016-03-03T19:58:58Z 2016-03-03T19:58:58Z 2016-02 Brief http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/03/26010885/cost-fire-economic-analysis-indonesia’s-2015-fire-crisis http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23840 English en_US Indonesia Sustainable Landscapes Knowledge Note No. 1 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Jakarta Publications & Research Publications & Research :: Brief East Asia and Pacific Indonesia |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English en_US |
| topic |
PHOTOSYNTHESIS VISIBILITY FAUNA CARBON CONTENT FIRE PREVENTION CARBON DIOXIDE AIR QUALITY LAND USES TREE OIL CONFERENCE CARBON INCOME PLANT GROWTH AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ARCHIPELAGO FIRE SUPPRESSION PRODUCERS ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS TIMBER HABITATS EMISSIONS POLITICAL ECONOMY REVENUES INCENTIVES GAS INTERNATIONAL FORESTRY RESEARCH OIL PRODUCTION AEROSOLS AIR FIRE EMISSIONS GREENHOUSE GAS ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OIL PALM PLANT PHYSICS BIOMASS AIR POLLUTANTS OIL PALM PLANTATIONS CO2 AIR POLLUTION OIL INFECTIOUS DISEASES CAPACITY GHG SWAMP USE OF FIRE EXTERNALITIES BIODIVERSITY SPECIES FLORA O3 RAINFALL POLLUTION FORESTRY BURNING CARBON SINK NATURAL RESOURCES CHEMISTRY PRIMARY FOREST EMISSIONS REDUCTION PLANT SPECIES RESOURCES PARTICULATE MATTER EMISSION GREENHOUSE CONSERVATION VALUE EMISSIONS ESTIMATES ECOSYSTEM LEAD FOOD SECURITY FORESTRY RESEARCH WAGES CLIMATE CHANGE DROUGHT CARBON STORAGE VALUES MORATORIUM DEFORESTATION CLIMATE FORESTS CONSERVATION MEASURES POLLUTANTS COLORS OIL EXPORTS TOURISM SINK FOREST OIL PRODUCERS SWAMP FOREST PARTICULATE PALM ENVIRONMENT FOREST LANDS SAVANNA TAX REVENUE POLLINATORS EXPOSURE TRADE LAND ECOSYSTEMS ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY CARBON STOCK FOOD CROPS OZONE CONSERVATION FUEL FOREST FIRES LESS REVENUE TRANSPORT COSTS PROFITS ENVIRONMENTAL BURNING BIOMASS BUSINESS AS USUAL SCENARIO OIL INDUSTRY BIODIVERSITY LOSS GENETIC CARBON EMISSION OIL PALM PRODUCTION NEGATIVE EXTERNALITIES BENEFITS NEGATIVE IMPACTS ENVIRONMENTAL DISASTER |
| spellingShingle |
PHOTOSYNTHESIS VISIBILITY FAUNA CARBON CONTENT FIRE PREVENTION CARBON DIOXIDE AIR QUALITY LAND USES TREE OIL CONFERENCE CARBON INCOME PLANT GROWTH AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ARCHIPELAGO FIRE SUPPRESSION PRODUCERS ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS TIMBER HABITATS EMISSIONS POLITICAL ECONOMY REVENUES INCENTIVES GAS INTERNATIONAL FORESTRY RESEARCH OIL PRODUCTION AEROSOLS AIR FIRE EMISSIONS GREENHOUSE GAS ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OIL PALM PLANT PHYSICS BIOMASS AIR POLLUTANTS OIL PALM PLANTATIONS CO2 AIR POLLUTION OIL INFECTIOUS DISEASES CAPACITY GHG SWAMP USE OF FIRE EXTERNALITIES BIODIVERSITY SPECIES FLORA O3 RAINFALL POLLUTION FORESTRY BURNING CARBON SINK NATURAL RESOURCES CHEMISTRY PRIMARY FOREST EMISSIONS REDUCTION PLANT SPECIES RESOURCES PARTICULATE MATTER EMISSION GREENHOUSE CONSERVATION VALUE EMISSIONS ESTIMATES ECOSYSTEM LEAD FOOD SECURITY FORESTRY RESEARCH WAGES CLIMATE CHANGE DROUGHT CARBON STORAGE VALUES MORATORIUM DEFORESTATION CLIMATE FORESTS CONSERVATION MEASURES POLLUTANTS COLORS OIL EXPORTS TOURISM SINK FOREST OIL PRODUCERS SWAMP FOREST PARTICULATE PALM ENVIRONMENT FOREST LANDS SAVANNA TAX REVENUE POLLINATORS EXPOSURE TRADE LAND ECOSYSTEMS ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY CARBON STOCK FOOD CROPS OZONE CONSERVATION FUEL FOREST FIRES LESS REVENUE TRANSPORT COSTS PROFITS ENVIRONMENTAL BURNING BIOMASS BUSINESS AS USUAL SCENARIO OIL INDUSTRY BIODIVERSITY LOSS GENETIC CARBON EMISSION OIL PALM PRODUCTION NEGATIVE EXTERNALITIES BENEFITS NEGATIVE IMPACTS ENVIRONMENTAL DISASTER Glauber, Ann Jeannette Moyer, Sarah Adriani, Magda Gunawan, Iwan The Cost of Fire : An Economic Analysis of Indonesia’s 2015 Fire Crisis |
| geographic_facet |
East Asia and Pacific Indonesia |
| relation |
Indonesia Sustainable Landscapes Knowledge Note No. 1 |
| description |
In a five-month period, man-made fire cost Indonesia $16.1 billion or 2 percent of GDP in 2015. An estimated 2.6 million hectares – an area four times the size of Bali – burned. While the 2015 fires were some of the worst in recent years (in part as a result of el Nino), they are by no means a singular event. Wide-scale fire crises occur annually in Indonesia. Indonesia’s fire story is not just one of loss and damage; fires contribute to significant economic upside for a diverse, if concentrated, group of actors. However, the majority of Indonesians suffer as a result of the economic and physical damage. This document provides a loss and damage analysis of the 2015 fires and explores not just economic costs, but environmental costs as well. It also looks at the important role that fire plays in commodity crops, particularly oil palm, and the actors who benefit. |
| format |
Brief |
| author |
Glauber, Ann Jeannette Moyer, Sarah Adriani, Magda Gunawan, Iwan |
| author_facet |
Glauber, Ann Jeannette Moyer, Sarah Adriani, Magda Gunawan, Iwan |
| author_sort |
Glauber, Ann Jeannette |
| title |
The Cost of Fire : An Economic Analysis of Indonesia’s 2015 Fire Crisis |
| title_short |
The Cost of Fire : An Economic Analysis of Indonesia’s 2015 Fire Crisis |
| title_full |
The Cost of Fire : An Economic Analysis of Indonesia’s 2015 Fire Crisis |
| title_fullStr |
The Cost of Fire : An Economic Analysis of Indonesia’s 2015 Fire Crisis |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Cost of Fire : An Economic Analysis of Indonesia’s 2015 Fire Crisis |
| title_sort |
cost of fire : an economic analysis of indonesia’s 2015 fire crisis |
| publisher |
World Bank, Jakarta |
| publishDate |
2016 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2016/03/26010885/cost-fire-economic-analysis-indonesia’s-2015-fire-crisis http://hdl.handle.net/10986/23840 |
| _version_ |
1764454962500206592 |