Adapting to Climate Variability : Learning from Past Experience and the Role of Institutions
Adaptation to human-induced climate change is currently receiving a lot of attention in international development circles. But throughout human existence, natural resource-dependent people have exploited and coped with the effects of climate variab...
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| Format: | Working Paper |
| Language: | English en_US |
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World Bank, Washington, DC
2017
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| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/891471468326972530/Adapting-to-climate-variability-learning-from-past-experience-and-the-role-of-institutions http://hdl.handle.net/10986/26896 |
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okr-10986-26896 |
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oai_dc |
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Digital Repository |
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Foreign Institution |
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Digital Repositories |
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World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
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World Bank |
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English en_US |
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ABSOLUTE TERMS AFFORDABLE CREDIT AGRICULTURAL TECHNIQUES AGRO-ECOLOGICAL REGIONS ANIMAL DISEASES ARID AREAS ARID CLIMATE ASSET OWNERSHIP BANKS CASH EARNINGS CASH INCOME CASH-CROP CLIMATE CLIMATE ADAPTATION CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS CLIMATE EXTREMES CLIMATE HAZARD CLIMATE REGIME CLIMATE RESILIENCE CLIMATE VARIABILITY CLIMATE-RELATED HAZARD CLIMATIC EXTREMES CLIMATIC FACTORS CLIMATIC ZONES COMMUNITY INSTITUTIONS COMMUNITY LEVEL COOPERATIVES COPING STRATEGY COTTON PRODUCTION CREDIT CONSTRAINTS CREDIT INSTITUTIONS CREDIT MARKETS CROP PRODUCTION CROP SELECTION CROP YIELDS DEBT DESERT REGIONS DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE DIVERSIFICATION DIVERSIFIED INCOME DROUGHT RISK EARNINGS ECOLOGICAL ZONES ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ECONOMICS OF CLIMATE CHANGE EDUCATIONAL LEVELS EXCHANGE RATES EXPENDITURES EXPOSURE TO CLIMATE HAZARDS EXPOSURE TO CLIMATE VARIABILITY EXTENSION AGENCY EXTREME DROUGHT EXTREME RAINFALL EXTREME TEMPERATURE FACILITATION FAMILY MEMBERS FARM ACTIVITIES FARM IRRIGATION FARMER FARMERS FARMING SYSTEMS FEMALE FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FINANCIAL CAPACITIES FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS FINANCIAL COST FINANCIAL MEANS FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOOD EXPENDITURES FOOD PRICE FOOD PRICES FORMAL BANKING GENDER GOVERNMENT POLICY GROUPS OF PEOPLE HANDICRAFTS HIGH TEMPERATURES HIGHER EDUCATION LEVELS HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD LEVEL HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD VULNERABILITY HOUSEHOLD-LEVEL HOUSEHOLDS INCOME ON FOOD INCOME SHOCKS INDEBTEDNESS INFORMED CHOICES INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT INTEGRATED RURAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERVENTION INTERVENTIONS IRRIGATION LACK OF INFORMATION LAND HOLDINGS LANDHOLDINGS LEVELS OF VULNERABILITY LIVELIHOOD SECURITY LIVELIHOOD STRATEGIES LIVESTOCK OWNERSHIP LOWER RAINFALL METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION MICRO-CREDIT MICRO-FINANCE MICRO-FINANCE INSTITUTIONS MICROCREDIT MICROFINANCE MICROFINANCE INSTITUTION MOUNTAIN AREAS MOUNTAINOUS AREAS NATIONAL LEVEL NUTRITIONAL STATUS OCCUPATION PASTORALIST REGION PEOPLES POOR FARMERS POOR HOUSEHOLD POORER HOUSEHOLDS PUBLIC GOODS PUBLIC INVESTMENT RAIN RAINFALL RAINFALL LEVELS RAINFALL PATTERNS RAINFALL REGIME RAINFALL VARIABILITY RAINY SEASON REGIONAL AUTHORITIES REGIONAL LEVEL REMITTANCES REMOTE VILLAGES RURAL AREAS RURAL DEVELOPMENT RURAL ECONOMY RURAL ENVIRONMENT RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL LIVELIHOODS RURAL POPULATIONS SAFETY SAFETY NET SAVINGS SCHOLARSHIP SEASON SEED SELECTION SEMI-ARID REGIONS SMALL LANDHOLDINGS SMALLHOLDER SOCIAL COHESION SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL NETWORKS SOCIAL STRUCTURES SOIL EROSION SOURCE OF INCOME STORAGE FACILITIES SURFACE RUNOFF TECHNICAL SUPPORT TEMPERATE CLIMATE TEMPERATURE TEMPERATURE CHANGES TRANSPORTATION SERVICES URBAN AREAS VEGETABLES VETERINARY SERVICES VILLAGE VILLAGE COMMUNITIES VILLAGE LEVEL VILLAGES VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE VARIABILITY VULNERABLE GROUPS VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS |
| spellingShingle |
ABSOLUTE TERMS AFFORDABLE CREDIT AGRICULTURAL TECHNIQUES AGRO-ECOLOGICAL REGIONS ANIMAL DISEASES ARID AREAS ARID CLIMATE ASSET OWNERSHIP BANKS CASH EARNINGS CASH INCOME CASH-CROP CLIMATE CLIMATE ADAPTATION CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS CLIMATE EXTREMES CLIMATE HAZARD CLIMATE REGIME CLIMATE RESILIENCE CLIMATE VARIABILITY CLIMATE-RELATED HAZARD CLIMATIC EXTREMES CLIMATIC FACTORS CLIMATIC ZONES COMMUNITY INSTITUTIONS COMMUNITY LEVEL COOPERATIVES COPING STRATEGY COTTON PRODUCTION CREDIT CONSTRAINTS CREDIT INSTITUTIONS CREDIT MARKETS CROP PRODUCTION CROP SELECTION CROP YIELDS DEBT DESERT REGIONS DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE DIVERSIFICATION DIVERSIFIED INCOME DROUGHT RISK EARNINGS ECOLOGICAL ZONES ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ECONOMICS OF CLIMATE CHANGE EDUCATIONAL LEVELS EXCHANGE RATES EXPENDITURES EXPOSURE TO CLIMATE HAZARDS EXPOSURE TO CLIMATE VARIABILITY EXTENSION AGENCY EXTREME DROUGHT EXTREME RAINFALL EXTREME TEMPERATURE FACILITATION FAMILY MEMBERS FARM ACTIVITIES FARM IRRIGATION FARMER FARMERS FARMING SYSTEMS FEMALE FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FINANCIAL CAPACITIES FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS FINANCIAL COST FINANCIAL MEANS FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOOD EXPENDITURES FOOD PRICE FOOD PRICES FORMAL BANKING GENDER GOVERNMENT POLICY GROUPS OF PEOPLE HANDICRAFTS HIGH TEMPERATURES HIGHER EDUCATION LEVELS HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD LEVEL HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD VULNERABILITY HOUSEHOLD-LEVEL HOUSEHOLDS INCOME ON FOOD INCOME SHOCKS INDEBTEDNESS INFORMED CHOICES INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT INTEGRATED RURAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERVENTION INTERVENTIONS IRRIGATION LACK OF INFORMATION LAND HOLDINGS LANDHOLDINGS LEVELS OF VULNERABILITY LIVELIHOOD SECURITY LIVELIHOOD STRATEGIES LIVESTOCK OWNERSHIP LOWER RAINFALL METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION MICRO-CREDIT MICRO-FINANCE MICRO-FINANCE INSTITUTIONS MICROCREDIT MICROFINANCE MICROFINANCE INSTITUTION MOUNTAIN AREAS MOUNTAINOUS AREAS NATIONAL LEVEL NUTRITIONAL STATUS OCCUPATION PASTORALIST REGION PEOPLES POOR FARMERS POOR HOUSEHOLD POORER HOUSEHOLDS PUBLIC GOODS PUBLIC INVESTMENT RAIN RAINFALL RAINFALL LEVELS RAINFALL PATTERNS RAINFALL REGIME RAINFALL VARIABILITY RAINY SEASON REGIONAL AUTHORITIES REGIONAL LEVEL REMITTANCES REMOTE VILLAGES RURAL AREAS RURAL DEVELOPMENT RURAL ECONOMY RURAL ENVIRONMENT RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL LIVELIHOODS RURAL POPULATIONS SAFETY SAFETY NET SAVINGS SCHOLARSHIP SEASON SEED SELECTION SEMI-ARID REGIONS SMALL LANDHOLDINGS SMALLHOLDER SOCIAL COHESION SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL NETWORKS SOCIAL STRUCTURES SOIL EROSION SOURCE OF INCOME STORAGE FACILITIES SURFACE RUNOFF TECHNICAL SUPPORT TEMPERATE CLIMATE TEMPERATURE TEMPERATURE CHANGES TRANSPORTATION SERVICES URBAN AREAS VEGETABLES VETERINARY SERVICES VILLAGE VILLAGE COMMUNITIES VILLAGE LEVEL VILLAGES VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE VARIABILITY VULNERABLE GROUPS VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS Ruijs, Arjan de Bel, Mark Kononen, Minna Linderhof, Vincent Polman, Nico Adapting to Climate Variability : Learning from Past Experience and the Role of Institutions |
| relation |
Social Development Working Paper;No. 124 |
| description |
Adaptation to human-induced climate
change is currently receiving a lot of attention in
international development circles. But throughout human
existence, natural resource-dependent people have exploited
and coped with the effects of climate variability on the
ecosystems from which they derive a living. Learning from
this experience can help inform the design of appropriate
policies for responding to human-induced climate change.
This paper presents the results of a World Bank study which
sought to better understand the role of local institutions
in supporting adaptation to climate variability and change
in Ethiopia, Mali and Yemen. The study raised three
questions. First, what strategies have been adopted by rural
households in the past to adapt to climate variability?
Second, to what extent do institutions of various sorts
assist households in adopting adaptation strategies? And
third, what are the factors that prevent households from
adopting appropriate adaptation strategies? For the purposes
of this paper, institutions are defined as structured,
formal or informal organizations. The study followed a
three-step approach. First, drawing on original data from
field surveys, focus group discussions and institutional
stakeholder interviews, household vulnerability to climate
variability was characterized in terms of its three
constituent elements: exposure to climate-related shocks and
stresses, and sensitivity and adaptive capacity in the face
of such stressors. Sensitivity refers to the degree to which
people are affected by climate variability and change. High
levels of exposure and sensitivity and low levels of
adaptive capacity generally result in high levels of
vulnerability. But a high level of exposure need not
necessarily result in a high level of vulnerability if the
household's adaptive capacity is also high. |
| format |
Working Paper |
| author |
Ruijs, Arjan de Bel, Mark Kononen, Minna Linderhof, Vincent Polman, Nico |
| author_facet |
Ruijs, Arjan de Bel, Mark Kononen, Minna Linderhof, Vincent Polman, Nico |
| author_sort |
Ruijs, Arjan |
| title |
Adapting to Climate Variability : Learning from Past Experience and the Role of Institutions |
| title_short |
Adapting to Climate Variability : Learning from Past Experience and the Role of Institutions |
| title_full |
Adapting to Climate Variability : Learning from Past Experience and the Role of Institutions |
| title_fullStr |
Adapting to Climate Variability : Learning from Past Experience and the Role of Institutions |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Adapting to Climate Variability : Learning from Past Experience and the Role of Institutions |
| title_sort |
adapting to climate variability : learning from past experience and the role of institutions |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2017 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/891471468326972530/Adapting-to-climate-variability-learning-from-past-experience-and-the-role-of-institutions http://hdl.handle.net/10986/26896 |
| _version_ |
1764462610235785216 |
| spelling |
okr-10986-268962021-04-23T14:04:37Z Adapting to Climate Variability : Learning from Past Experience and the Role of Institutions Ruijs, Arjan de Bel, Mark Kononen, Minna Linderhof, Vincent Polman, Nico ABSOLUTE TERMS AFFORDABLE CREDIT AGRICULTURAL TECHNIQUES AGRO-ECOLOGICAL REGIONS ANIMAL DISEASES ARID AREAS ARID CLIMATE ASSET OWNERSHIP BANKS CASH EARNINGS CASH INCOME CASH-CROP CLIMATE CLIMATE ADAPTATION CLIMATE CHANGE CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS CLIMATE EXTREMES CLIMATE HAZARD CLIMATE REGIME CLIMATE RESILIENCE CLIMATE VARIABILITY CLIMATE-RELATED HAZARD CLIMATIC EXTREMES CLIMATIC FACTORS CLIMATIC ZONES COMMUNITY INSTITUTIONS COMMUNITY LEVEL COOPERATIVES COPING STRATEGY COTTON PRODUCTION CREDIT CONSTRAINTS CREDIT INSTITUTIONS CREDIT MARKETS CROP PRODUCTION CROP SELECTION CROP YIELDS DEBT DESERT REGIONS DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE DIVERSIFICATION DIVERSIFIED INCOME DROUGHT RISK EARNINGS ECOLOGICAL ZONES ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ECONOMICS OF CLIMATE CHANGE EDUCATIONAL LEVELS EXCHANGE RATES EXPENDITURES EXPOSURE TO CLIMATE HAZARDS EXPOSURE TO CLIMATE VARIABILITY EXTENSION AGENCY EXTREME DROUGHT EXTREME RAINFALL EXTREME TEMPERATURE FACILITATION FAMILY MEMBERS FARM ACTIVITIES FARM IRRIGATION FARMER FARMERS FARMING SYSTEMS FEMALE FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FINANCIAL CAPACITIES FINANCIAL CONSTRAINTS FINANCIAL COST FINANCIAL MEANS FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOOD EXPENDITURES FOOD PRICE FOOD PRICES FORMAL BANKING GENDER GOVERNMENT POLICY GROUPS OF PEOPLE HANDICRAFTS HIGH TEMPERATURES HIGHER EDUCATION LEVELS HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD LEVEL HOUSEHOLD SIZE HOUSEHOLD SURVEY HOUSEHOLD VULNERABILITY HOUSEHOLD-LEVEL HOUSEHOLDS INCOME ON FOOD INCOME SHOCKS INDEBTEDNESS INFORMED CHOICES INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT INTEGRATED RURAL DEVELOPMENT INTERNATIONAL BANK INTERVENTION INTERVENTIONS IRRIGATION LACK OF INFORMATION LAND HOLDINGS LANDHOLDINGS LEVELS OF VULNERABILITY LIVELIHOOD SECURITY LIVELIHOOD STRATEGIES LIVESTOCK OWNERSHIP LOWER RAINFALL METEOROLOGICAL INFORMATION MICRO-CREDIT MICRO-FINANCE MICRO-FINANCE INSTITUTIONS MICROCREDIT MICROFINANCE MICROFINANCE INSTITUTION MOUNTAIN AREAS MOUNTAINOUS AREAS NATIONAL LEVEL NUTRITIONAL STATUS OCCUPATION PASTORALIST REGION PEOPLES POOR FARMERS POOR HOUSEHOLD POORER HOUSEHOLDS PUBLIC GOODS PUBLIC INVESTMENT RAIN RAINFALL RAINFALL LEVELS RAINFALL PATTERNS RAINFALL REGIME RAINFALL VARIABILITY RAINY SEASON REGIONAL AUTHORITIES REGIONAL LEVEL REMITTANCES REMOTE VILLAGES RURAL AREAS RURAL DEVELOPMENT RURAL ECONOMY RURAL ENVIRONMENT RURAL HOUSEHOLDS RURAL LIVELIHOODS RURAL POPULATIONS SAFETY SAFETY NET SAVINGS SCHOLARSHIP SEASON SEED SELECTION SEMI-ARID REGIONS SMALL LANDHOLDINGS SMALLHOLDER SOCIAL COHESION SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL NETWORKS SOCIAL STRUCTURES SOIL EROSION SOURCE OF INCOME STORAGE FACILITIES SURFACE RUNOFF TECHNICAL SUPPORT TEMPERATE CLIMATE TEMPERATURE TEMPERATURE CHANGES TRANSPORTATION SERVICES URBAN AREAS VEGETABLES VETERINARY SERVICES VILLAGE VILLAGE COMMUNITIES VILLAGE LEVEL VILLAGES VULNERABILITY TO CLIMATE VARIABILITY VULNERABLE GROUPS VULNERABLE HOUSEHOLDS Adaptation to human-induced climate change is currently receiving a lot of attention in international development circles. But throughout human existence, natural resource-dependent people have exploited and coped with the effects of climate variability on the ecosystems from which they derive a living. Learning from this experience can help inform the design of appropriate policies for responding to human-induced climate change. This paper presents the results of a World Bank study which sought to better understand the role of local institutions in supporting adaptation to climate variability and change in Ethiopia, Mali and Yemen. The study raised three questions. First, what strategies have been adopted by rural households in the past to adapt to climate variability? Second, to what extent do institutions of various sorts assist households in adopting adaptation strategies? And third, what are the factors that prevent households from adopting appropriate adaptation strategies? For the purposes of this paper, institutions are defined as structured, formal or informal organizations. The study followed a three-step approach. First, drawing on original data from field surveys, focus group discussions and institutional stakeholder interviews, household vulnerability to climate variability was characterized in terms of its three constituent elements: exposure to climate-related shocks and stresses, and sensitivity and adaptive capacity in the face of such stressors. Sensitivity refers to the degree to which people are affected by climate variability and change. High levels of exposure and sensitivity and low levels of adaptive capacity generally result in high levels of vulnerability. But a high level of exposure need not necessarily result in a high level of vulnerability if the household's adaptive capacity is also high. 2017-06-05T18:09:42Z 2017-06-05T18:09:42Z 2011-08 Working Paper http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/891471468326972530/Adapting-to-climate-variability-learning-from-past-experience-and-the-role-of-institutions http://hdl.handle.net/10986/26896 English en_US Social Development Working Paper;No. 124 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research Publications & Research :: Working Paper |