Intellectual Property Rights and the TRIPS Agreement : An Overview of Ethical Problems and Some Proposed Solutions

Intellectual Property Rights and the TRIPS Agreement : An Overview of Ethical Problems and Some Proposed Solutions

The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights negotiated in 1986 under the auspices of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, the institutional predecessor of the World Trade Organization, incorporated substantial and...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Sonderholm, Jorn
Format: Policy Research Working Paper
Language:English
Published: 2012
Subjects:
BACK UP
BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH
BUYER
BUYERS
BUYING POWER
CANCER
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
CDS
CITIZENS
CONSUMERS
CREDIBILITY
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
DEVELOPING COUNTRY
DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS
DEVELOPMENT POLICY
DIFFERENTIAL PRICING
DIRECT INVESTMENT
DISABILITY
DISEASES
DOMAIN
DRINKING WATER
DRUGS
ECONOMIC INEFFICIENCY
ECONOMIC JUSTIFICATION
ECONOMIC POLICIES
ECONOMIC RESOURCES
ECONOMIC THEORY
ELECTRICITY
EMERGENCIES
EPIDEMIC
ESSENTIAL DRUGS
ESSENTIAL MEDICINES
EXCLUSIVE RIGHTS
FAIR
FINANCIAL RESOURCES
FOREIGN INVESTMENT
FOREIGN INVESTMENTS
FREE TRADE
FUTURE RESEARCH
GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS
GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT
GLOBAL HEALTH
GLOBAL MARKET
GOVERNMENT FUNDING
GREENHOUSE GASES
HEALTH IMPACT
HEALTH PROBLEMS
HUMAN ACTIVITY
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
HUMAN RIGHTS
HUMAN WELFARE
ILLNESSES
IMMUNIZATION
INCOME
INFANT
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
INFERIOR PRODUCTS
INNOVATION
INNOVATION POLICY
INNOVATIONS
INSTITUTION
INSURANCE
INSURANCE COMPANIES
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTION
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS
INTERNATIONAL BANK
INTERNATIONAL MARKET
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
INVENTION
INVENTIONS
INVESTING
IP
JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
JUDICIAL PROCESS
LARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE
LEGAL ENFORCEMENT
LEGAL ENVIRONMENTS
LEGAL FRAMEWORK
LEGAL ISSUES
LEGAL OBLIGATION
LICENSE
LICENSE FEE
LICENSES
LOST PROFITS
LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES
LOW-INCOME COUNTRY
LOW-INCOME POPULATIONS
MALARIA
MANDATES
MANUFACTURING
MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES
MARGINAL COST
MARGINAL COST OF PRODUCTION
MARGINAL COSTS
MARGINAL PRODUCTIVITY
MARKET CONDITIONS
MARKET ENTRY
MARKET FAILURE
MARKET INCENTIVES
MARKET PRICE
MARKET SHARE
MARKET SHARES
MARKETING
MEASLES
MEDICAL NEEDS
MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS
MONOPOLY
MONOPOLY PRICES
MOSQUITO NET
NATIONAL GOVERNMENTS
NATIONAL HEALTH SYSTEMS
NATURAL RESOURCE
NATURAL RESOURCES
NUMBER OF PEOPLE
NUMBER OF PERSONS
OPEN ACCESS
ORIGINAL CONTRACTS
PANDEMIC
PATENTS
PERSONAL FREEDOM
PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES
PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
POLICY RESEARCH
POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER
PREMATURE DEATH
PRICE CONTROLS
PRICE DISCRIMINATION
PRICING SCHEME
PRICING SCHEMES
PRIVATE PROPERTY
PRODUCT QUALITY
PRODUCTIVITY
PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH
PROFIT MOTIVE
PROGRESS
PROPERTY RIGHT
PUBLIC GOOD
PUBLIC HEALTH
R&D
REGISTRATION SYSTEMS
RELIABILITY
RESEARCH EFFORTS
RESERVES
RESPECT
RESULT
RESULTS
RETURN
RETURNS
RICH POPULATIONS
SALES
SEARCH
SHADOW PRICE
SIDE EFFECTS
SOCIAL JUSTICE
STORAGE CAPACITY
SUPPLIERS
SUPPLY CONTRACT
TIME FRAME
TRADE BARRIERS
TRADE SYSTEM
TRANSACTION
TRANSACTION COSTS
TRANSPARENCY
TRUST FUND
TUBERCULOSIS
URUGUAY ROUND
VACCINES
VULNERABILITY
WEALTH
WEB
WORLD TRADE
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
WTO
Online Access:http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20100302132412
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3714

Internet

http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/main?menuPK=64187510&pagePK=64193027&piPK=64187937&theSitePK=523679&menuPK=64187510&searchMenuPK=64187283&siteName=WDS&entityID=000158349_20100302132412
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/3714

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