The Contribution of African Women to
Economic Growth and Development : Historical Perspectives
and Policy Implications, Part I, The Pre-colonial and Colonial Periods

The Contribution of African Women to Economic Growth and Development : Historical Perspectives and Policy Implications, Part I, The Pre-colonial and Colonial Periods

Bringing together history and economics, this paper presents a historical and processual understanding of women's economic marginalization in Sub-Saharan Africa from the pre-colonial period to the end of colonial rule. It is not that women hav...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Akyeampong, Emmanuel, Fofack, Hippolyte
Format:	Policy Research Working Paper
Language:	English
Published:	World Bank, Washington, DC 2012
Subjects:	ACCESS TO LAND ACTIVE PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ALCOHOL ALLIANCES ANTHROPOLOGIST ANTHROPOLOGISTS ANTHROPOLOGY APARTHEID BLACK WOMEN BREADWINNER CAPITALISM CASH CROP CASH CROPS CHILDHOOD DISEASES CHILDREN PER WOMAN CITIZENS CIVIL LAW CIVILIZATION COLONIALISM COMPENSATION CONCUBINES COURT COURTS CULTURAL CHANGE CULTURAL DIFFERENCES CULTURAL VALUES CULTURES CUSTODY CUSTOM CUSTOMARY LAW DEMOGRAPHIC PRESSURES DEPENDENCE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT POLICY DIASPORA DISABILITY DISADVANTAGED WOMEN DISCOURSE DISCRIMINATION DISEASES DIVORCE DOMINANCE DOWRY ECONOMIC CHANGE ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT ECONOMIC EXPLOITATION ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES ECONOMIC PROGRESS ECONOMIC STATUS ECONOMICS EDUCATION FOR GIRLS EDUCATION OF GIRLS EDUCATION SYSTEMS EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS EMANCIPATION EMPOWERING WOMEN EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN ETHNICITY ETHNOGRAPHIC DESCRIPTIONS EXPLOITATION OF WOMEN EXPLORERS EXTENSION FAMILIES FAMILY LAW FARMERS FARMS FEMALE FEMALE LABOR FEMALE LABOR FORCE FEMALE LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION FEMALE WORKERS FEMALES FERTILITY FERTILITY RATES FISH FOOD SUPPLIES GENDER GENDER ASPECTS GENDER BIAS GENDER DISCRIMINATION GENDER EQUALITY GENDER GAP GENDER GAPS GENDER INEQUALITY GENDER NORMS GENDER PARITY GENDER RELATIONS GENDER ROLES GIRLS GLOBAL EFFORT HOME HOMES HOUSEHOLDS HOUSING HUMAN BEINGS HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN POPULATIONS HUMAN RACE HUMAN RESOURCES HUNTING HUSBAND HUSBANDS IMMIGRANT IMMIGRANT WOMEN IMMIGRANTS IMMIGRATION INDIGENOUS WOMEN INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION INEQUITIES INFANT INFANT MORTALITY INHERITANCE ISLAMIC LAW JOURNAL OF MARRIAGE JUSTICE KINSHIP KINSHIP STRUCTURES LABOR MARKET LABORERS LABOUR MARKETS LAND TENURE LEGAL REFORM LEGAL STATUS LIMITED RESOURCES LITERACY LIVING STANDARDS LOW-INCOME COUNTRIES MALARIA MARGINALIZATION MARRIAGES MASS EDUCATION MATRIARCHY MEASLES MENSTRUATION MIGRANT MIGRANT GROUPS MIGRANT WORKERS MIGRATION MIGRATIONS MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS MINORITY MONOGAMY MOTHER NATION BUILDING NATIVE WORKERS NATURAL RESOURCE NATURAL RESOURCES NORMS NURSE PATRIARCHIES PATRIARCHY PEACE PHILOSOPHY PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT POLICY DISCUSSIONS POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLICY RESEARCH POLICY RESEARCH WORKING PAPER POLITICAL POWER POLYGYNY POPULATION MOVEMENTS POTENTIAL CONTRIBUTION POWER PRIMARY EDUCATION PROCREATION PRODUCTIVITY PROFESSIONAL WOMEN PROGRESS PROPORTION OF GIRLS PUBERTY REFUGEES RELIGION REPRODUCTION RESPECT RITES RITUALS RUBELLA RURAL AREAS SECONDARY SCHOOLS SEX SEXUAL DIVISION OF LABOR SEXUALITY SINGLE MEN SLAVERY SOCIAL CHANGE SOCIAL HISTORY SOCIAL NORMS SOCIAL OPPORTUNITIES SOCIAL ORGANIZATION SOCIAL STATUS SOCIETIES SOCIETY SOCIOLOGY SOILS SPOUSES STATUS OF WOMEN SUBORDINATION OF WOMEN SUBSISTENCE AGRICULTURE SUBSISTENCE FARMING SYMBOLS TECHNICAL TRAINING TEMPORARY MIGRANTS TEXTILES TOWNS TRADITIONAL SOCIETIES TUBERCULOSIS UNIONS UNMARRIED WOMEN VILLAGES VIOLENCE WAR WARS WDR WIFE WILL WIVES WOMANHOOD WOMEN IN AGRICULTURE WORKING CLASS YOUNG MEN YOUNG WOMEN
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/04/16240986/contribution-african-women-economic-growth-development-historical-perspectives-policy-implications-part-pre-colonial-colonial-periods http://hdl.handle.net/10986/6056

Internet

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/04/16240986/contribution-african-women-economic-growth-development-historical-perspectives-policy-implications-part-pre-colonial-colonial-periods
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/6056

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