From Red to Gray : The "Third Transition" of Aging Populations in Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union

From Red to Gray : The "Third Transition" of Aging Populations in Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union

This report focuses on the challenges that the region's aging countries will now face in having to deal with multiple transitions. It argues that their task ahead, though uniquely daunting, is by no means impossible. Indeed, many of the potent...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Chawla, Mukesh, Betcherman, Gordon, Banerji, Arup
Other Authors:	Bakilana, Anne M.
Format:	Publication
Language:	English en_US
Published:	Washington, DC: World Bank 2012
Subjects:	ACCESS TO CREDIT ADDITIONAL SAVINGS ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS AVERAGE WAGE BANKS BENEFICIARIES BIRTH RATES BUSINESS CLIMATE CALCULATIONS CAPITAL MARKETS CHANGE IN POPULATION CHANGE IN POPULATION SIZE CHILD CARE CHILDBEARING CHILDREN PER WOMAN CITIZENS CONSUMER CONTRIBUTION CONTRIBUTION PENSION SCHEMES CONTRIBUTIONS CURRENT ACCOUNT CURRENT PENSION DECLINES IN FERTILITY DEFINED-CONTRIBUTION PENSION DEMOCRACY DEMOGRAPHERS DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGE DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES DEMOGRAPHIC PRESSURE DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILES DEMOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS DEPENDENCY RATIO DEPOSITS DIRECT INVESTMENT DISABILITY DISSEMINATION DIVORCE EARLY RETIREMENT EARNINGS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ECONOMIC GROWTH ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS ECONOMIC TRANSITION EDUCATION SYSTEMS EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT ELDERLY ELDERLY POPULATION EXISTING POPULATION FAMILY ALLOWANCES FAMILY POLICIES FEMALE LABOR FORCE FEMALE LIFE EXPECTANCY FERTILITY FERTILITY DECLINES FERTILITY RATE FERTILITY RATES FERTILITY TRANSITION FINANCIAL AFFAIRS FINANCIAL CRISIS FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES FINANCIAL MARKET FINANCIAL MARKETS FINANCIAL OPTIONS FINANCIAL PRODUCTS FINANCIAL SECTOR FINANCIAL SYSTEMS FISCAL EFFORT FISCAL PROBLEMS FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY FORCED SAVINGS FUTURE GROWTH GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT GROSS NATIONAL INCOME HEALTH CARE HIV HOUSEHOLD SAVING HOUSEHOLD SAVINGS HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS IMMIGRATION INCOME INCOMES INFLATION INVESTING INVESTMENT CLIMATES JOB OPPORTUNITIES LABOR FORCE LABOR FORCES LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKET TRANSITIONS LABOR MARKETS LABOR SHORTAGES LABOR SUPPLY LARGER FAMILIES LEGAL STATUS LEVEL OF EDUCATION LEVELS OF FERTILITY LIFE EXPECTANCIES LIFE EXPECTANCY LIFE SPAN LIFELONG LEARNING LIFETIME LITERACY LIVING STANDARDS LONG-TERM CARE LONG-TERM CARE POLICY LONGER LIFE MARITAL STATUS MARKET CAPITALIZATION MARKET ECONOMIES MARKET ECONOMY MATERNITY HOSPITALS MATERNITY LEAVE MATH MATHEMATICS MEDICAL CARE MIGRANTS MORTALITY NATIONAL LEGISLATION NEW JOBS NUMBER OF CHILDREN OLD-AGE OLDER INDIVIDUALS OLDER PEOPLE OLDER WOMEN OLDER WORKERS OPPORTUNITIES FOR WOMEN PARENTAL LEAVE PENSION PENSION BENEFITS PENSION FUND PENSION POLICIES PENSION POLICY PENSION REFORM PENSION REFORMS PENSION SPENDING PENSION SYSTEM PENSION SYSTEMS PENSIONERS PENSIONS POLICY IMPLICATIONS POLICY MAKERS POOR POPULATIONS POOR WOMEN POPULATION AGE STRUCTURE POPULATION CHANGE POPULATION DECLINE POPULATION DECLINES POPULATION DECREASES POPULATION DIVISION POPULATION ESTIMATES POPULATION FORECASTING POPULATION GROWTH POPULATION GROWTH RATES POPULATION PROJECTIONS POPULATION STRUCTURE POPULATION STRUCTURES PREGNANT WOMEN PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIVATE PENSION PRIVATE PENSIONS PRIVATE SAVING PRIVATE SAVINGS PRODUCTIVITY PROGRESS PROSPERITY PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PUBLIC EXPENDITURES PUBLIC HEALTH PUBLIC HOSPITALS PUBLIC PENSION PURCHASING POWER PURCHASING POWER PARITY RAPID GROWTH RATE OF GROWTH REAL ESTATE RELATED COSTS REMITTANCES REPLACEMENT LEVEL REPRODUCTIVE CHOICES RESEARCH ASSISTANCE RETIRED RETIREMENT RETIREMENT AGE RETIREMENT AGES REVERSE MORTGAGES RISK PROFILES SAVERS SAVING BEHAVIOR SAVINGS SAVINGS ACCUMULATION SAVINGS INSTRUMENTS SCHOOL-AGE POPULATION SCHOOL-AGE POPULATIONS SECONDARY EDUCATION SECURITIES SIGNIFICANT POLICY SOCIAL AFFAIRS SOCIAL ASSISTANCE SOCIAL POLICIES SOCIAL PROTECTION SOCIAL SECURITY SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS STOCK MARKET TAX BREAKS TOTAL SAVINGS TV UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES WAGE WAGE GROWTH WAGES WOMAN WORK HOURS WORKING-AGE POPULATION WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION WORLD POPULATION YOUNGER COHORTS YOUNGER PEOPLE
Online Access:	http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2007/01/8101813/red-gray-third-transition-aging-populations-eastern-europe-former-soviet-union http://hdl.handle.net/10986/6741

Internet

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2007/01/8101813/red-gray-third-transition-aging-populations-eastern-europe-former-soviet-union
http://hdl.handle.net/10986/6741

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