Trade Liberalization, Employment Flows, and Wage Inequality in Brazil
Using nationally representative, economywide data, this paper investigates the relative importance of trade-mandated effects on industry wage premia; industry and economywide skill premia; and employment flows in accounting for changes in the wage...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Policy Research Working Paper |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
World Bank, Washington, DC
2012
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2007/01/7309378/trade-liberalization-employment-flows-wage-inequality-brazil http://hdl.handle.net/10986/6880 |
| id |
okr-10986-6880 |
|---|---|
| recordtype |
oai_dc |
| spelling |
okr-10986-68802021-04-23T14:02:32Z Trade Liberalization, Employment Flows, and Wage Inequality in Brazil Ferreira, Francisco H.G. Leite, Phillippe G. Wai-Poi, Matthew AGGREGATE TRADE AGRICULTURE BENCHMARK COMPETITIVE CONDITIONS COMPETITIVE MARKETS COMPETITIVE PRESSURES CONSUMERS COUNTERFACTUAL WAGE DISTRIBUTION CUSTOMS DEVELOPING REGIONS DOMESTIC PRICES DOMESTIC PRODUCTION EARNINGS REGRESSIONS EMPLOYMENT EFFECTS EMPLOYMENT LEVELS EMPLOYMENT PROBABILITIES EMPLOYMENT SHARE EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATES EXPORT SHARES EXPORTERS FACTORS OF PRODUCTION GROUP WORKERS GROWTH RATE HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SURVEY IMPACT OF TRADE IMPACT OF TRADE LIBERALIZATION IMPERFECT COMPETITION IMPORT COMPETITION IMPORT PENETRATION IMPORTS INCOME LEVELS INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS INDUSTRY WAGE INEQUALITY MEASURES INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT INFORMAL SECTOR INTERNATIONAL TRADING SYSTEM LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LABOR REALLOCATION LATIN AMERICAN MARGINAL EFFECTS NATURAL RESOURCES NON-TARIFF BARRIERS OCCUPATION OCCUPATIONS OPENNESS OUTSOURCING PER CAPITA INCOMES POLICY MAKERS POLICY RESEARCH PREVIOUS STUDIES PRICES FALL PRODUCT MARKETS PRODUCT PRICES PRODUCTION WORKERS PROTECTED INDUSTRIES PUBLIC SERVICE RATES OF PROTECTION RURAL WORKERS SKILL PREMIUM TARIFF BARRIERS TARIFF RATES TARIFF REVENUES TOTAL EMPLOYMENT TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH TRADE DATA TRADE FLOWS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE LIBERALIZATIONS TRADE MODELS TRADE OPENNESS TRADE POLICY TRADE REFORM TRADE REFORMS TRADE VARIABLES UNEMPLOYMENT UNSKILLED LABOR UNSKILLED WORKERS WAGE DISTRIBUTION WAGE GAP WAGE GROWTH WAGE INEQUALITY WAGE LEVELS WAGE PREMIUM WAGES WORKER WORLD TRADE Using nationally representative, economywide data, this paper investigates the relative importance of trade-mandated effects on industry wage premia; industry and economywide skill premia; and employment flows in accounting for changes in the wage distribution in Brazil during the 1988-95 trade liberalization. Unlike in other Latin American countries, trade liberalization appears to have made a significant contribution toward a reduction in wage inequality. These effects have not occurred through changes in industry-specific (wage or skill) premia. Instead, they appear to have been channeled through substantial employment flows across sectors and formality categories. Changes in the economywide skill premium are also important. 2012-06-01T17:40:15Z 2012-06-01T17:40:15Z 2007-01 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2007/01/7309378/trade-liberalization-employment-flows-wage-inequality-brazil http://hdl.handle.net/10986/6880 English Policy Research Working Paper; No. 4108 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research Latin America & Caribbean Brazil |
| repository_type |
Digital Repository |
| institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
| institution |
Digital Repositories |
| building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
| collection |
World Bank |
| language |
English |
| topic |
AGGREGATE TRADE AGRICULTURE BENCHMARK COMPETITIVE CONDITIONS COMPETITIVE MARKETS COMPETITIVE PRESSURES CONSUMERS COUNTERFACTUAL WAGE DISTRIBUTION CUSTOMS DEVELOPING REGIONS DOMESTIC PRICES DOMESTIC PRODUCTION EARNINGS REGRESSIONS EMPLOYMENT EFFECTS EMPLOYMENT LEVELS EMPLOYMENT PROBABILITIES EMPLOYMENT SHARE EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATES EXPORT SHARES EXPORTERS FACTORS OF PRODUCTION GROUP WORKERS GROWTH RATE HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SURVEY IMPACT OF TRADE IMPACT OF TRADE LIBERALIZATION IMPERFECT COMPETITION IMPORT COMPETITION IMPORT PENETRATION IMPORTS INCOME LEVELS INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS INDUSTRY WAGE INEQUALITY MEASURES INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT INFORMAL SECTOR INTERNATIONAL TRADING SYSTEM LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LABOR REALLOCATION LATIN AMERICAN MARGINAL EFFECTS NATURAL RESOURCES NON-TARIFF BARRIERS OCCUPATION OCCUPATIONS OPENNESS OUTSOURCING PER CAPITA INCOMES POLICY MAKERS POLICY RESEARCH PREVIOUS STUDIES PRICES FALL PRODUCT MARKETS PRODUCT PRICES PRODUCTION WORKERS PROTECTED INDUSTRIES PUBLIC SERVICE RATES OF PROTECTION RURAL WORKERS SKILL PREMIUM TARIFF BARRIERS TARIFF RATES TARIFF REVENUES TOTAL EMPLOYMENT TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH TRADE DATA TRADE FLOWS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE LIBERALIZATIONS TRADE MODELS TRADE OPENNESS TRADE POLICY TRADE REFORM TRADE REFORMS TRADE VARIABLES UNEMPLOYMENT UNSKILLED LABOR UNSKILLED WORKERS WAGE DISTRIBUTION WAGE GAP WAGE GROWTH WAGE INEQUALITY WAGE LEVELS WAGE PREMIUM WAGES WORKER WORLD TRADE |
| spellingShingle |
AGGREGATE TRADE AGRICULTURE BENCHMARK COMPETITIVE CONDITIONS COMPETITIVE MARKETS COMPETITIVE PRESSURES CONSUMERS COUNTERFACTUAL WAGE DISTRIBUTION CUSTOMS DEVELOPING REGIONS DOMESTIC PRICES DOMESTIC PRODUCTION EARNINGS REGRESSIONS EMPLOYMENT EFFECTS EMPLOYMENT LEVELS EMPLOYMENT PROBABILITIES EMPLOYMENT SHARE EXCHANGE RATE EXCHANGE RATES EXPORT SHARES EXPORTERS FACTORS OF PRODUCTION GROUP WORKERS GROWTH RATE HOUSEHOLD INCOME HOUSEHOLD SURVEY IMPACT OF TRADE IMPACT OF TRADE LIBERALIZATION IMPERFECT COMPETITION IMPORT COMPETITION IMPORT PENETRATION IMPORTS INCOME LEVELS INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS INDUSTRY WAGE INEQUALITY MEASURES INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT INFORMAL SECTOR INTERNATIONAL TRADING SYSTEM LABOR FORCE LABOR MARKET LABOR MARKETS LABOR REALLOCATION LATIN AMERICAN MARGINAL EFFECTS NATURAL RESOURCES NON-TARIFF BARRIERS OCCUPATION OCCUPATIONS OPENNESS OUTSOURCING PER CAPITA INCOMES POLICY MAKERS POLICY RESEARCH PREVIOUS STUDIES PRICES FALL PRODUCT MARKETS PRODUCT PRICES PRODUCTION WORKERS PROTECTED INDUSTRIES PUBLIC SERVICE RATES OF PROTECTION RURAL WORKERS SKILL PREMIUM TARIFF BARRIERS TARIFF RATES TARIFF REVENUES TOTAL EMPLOYMENT TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH TRADE DATA TRADE FLOWS TRADE LIBERALIZATION TRADE LIBERALIZATIONS TRADE MODELS TRADE OPENNESS TRADE POLICY TRADE REFORM TRADE REFORMS TRADE VARIABLES UNEMPLOYMENT UNSKILLED LABOR UNSKILLED WORKERS WAGE DISTRIBUTION WAGE GAP WAGE GROWTH WAGE INEQUALITY WAGE LEVELS WAGE PREMIUM WAGES WORKER WORLD TRADE Ferreira, Francisco H.G. Leite, Phillippe G. Wai-Poi, Matthew Trade Liberalization, Employment Flows, and Wage Inequality in Brazil |
| geographic_facet |
Latin America & Caribbean Brazil |
| relation |
Policy Research Working Paper; No. 4108 |
| description |
Using nationally representative,
economywide data, this paper investigates the relative
importance of trade-mandated effects on industry wage
premia; industry and economywide skill premia; and
employment flows in accounting for changes in the wage
distribution in Brazil during the 1988-95 trade
liberalization. Unlike in other Latin American countries,
trade liberalization appears to have made a significant
contribution toward a reduction in wage inequality. These
effects have not occurred through changes in
industry-specific (wage or skill) premia. Instead, they
appear to have been channeled through substantial employment
flows across sectors and formality categories. Changes in
the economywide skill premium are also important. |
| format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
| author |
Ferreira, Francisco H.G. Leite, Phillippe G. Wai-Poi, Matthew |
| author_facet |
Ferreira, Francisco H.G. Leite, Phillippe G. Wai-Poi, Matthew |
| author_sort |
Ferreira, Francisco H.G. |
| title |
Trade Liberalization, Employment Flows, and Wage Inequality in Brazil |
| title_short |
Trade Liberalization, Employment Flows, and Wage Inequality in Brazil |
| title_full |
Trade Liberalization, Employment Flows, and Wage Inequality in Brazil |
| title_fullStr |
Trade Liberalization, Employment Flows, and Wage Inequality in Brazil |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Trade Liberalization, Employment Flows, and Wage Inequality in Brazil |
| title_sort |
trade liberalization, employment flows, and wage inequality in brazil |
| publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2007/01/7309378/trade-liberalization-employment-flows-wage-inequality-brazil http://hdl.handle.net/10986/6880 |
| _version_ |
1764401240819630080 |