Conditional Cash Transfers and Female Schooling : The Impact of the Female School Stipend Program on Public School Enrollments in Punjab, Pakistan
Instead of mean-tested conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs, some countries have implemented gender-targeted CCTs to explicitly address intra-household disparities in human capital investments. This study focuses on addressing the direct impact of a female school stipend program in Punjab, Pakis...
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2012
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Online Access: | http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/12/7289481/conditional-cash-transfers-female-schooling-impact-female-school-stipend-program-public-school-enrollments-punjab-pakistan http://hdl.handle.net/10986/9260 |
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okr-10986-92602021-04-23T14:02:42Z Conditional Cash Transfers and Female Schooling : The Impact of the Female School Stipend Program on Public School Enrollments in Punjab, Pakistan Chaudhury, Nazmul Parajuli, Dilip ACCESS TO EDUCATION ADULTS ATTENDANCE RATE AVAILABILITY OF WATER AVERAGE LITERACY RATE BOYS SCHOOLS CENSUS DATA DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DROPOUT RATES DROPOUTS ECONOMIC FACTORS EDUCATION DEPARTMENT EDUCATION MANAGEMENT EDUCATION REFORM EDUCATION SECTOR EDUCATION SYSTEM EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTS EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT ENROLLMENT DATA ENROLLMENT GROWTH ENROLLMENT INDICATORS ENROLLMENT RATE ENROLLMENT RATES EXPENDITURES FEMALE CHILDREN FEMALE EDUCATION FEMALE ENROLLMENT FEMALE SCHOOLING FEMALE STUDENTS FEMALE TEACHERS FREE TEXTBOOKS GENDER BIAS GENDER DIFFERENCES GENDER DISPARITY GIRLS GIRLS SCHOOLS GROSS ENROLLMENT GROWTH IN ENROLLMENT HEALTH CARE HIGH SCHOOLS HIGHER REPETITION HUMAN CAPITAL ILLITERACY ILLITERACY RATE INFORMATION SYSTEMS INTERVENTIONS LEARNING LITERACY LITERACY RATES LITERATURE LIVING STANDARDS MIDDLE SCHOOL MIDDLE SCHOOL EDUCATION MIDDLE SCHOOLS NEGATIVE IMPACT NET ENROLLMENT NUMBER OF SCHOOLS NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS PAPERS PERFORMANCE INDICATORS POOR PERFORMANCE POSITIVE IMPACT PRIMARY DATA PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY EDUCATION SECTOR PRIVATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS PRIVATE ENROLLMENTS PRIVATE PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRIVATE SCHOOL PRIVATE SCHOOLING PRIVATE SCHOOLS PRIVATE SECONDARY SCHOOLS PROVINCIAL EDUCATION PUBLIC EDUCATION PUBLIC EDUCATION SYSTEM PUBLIC SCHOOL PUBLIC SCHOOLING PUBLIC SCHOOLS PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS PUPILS REGULAR ATTENDANCE REPETITION RATES RURAL AREAS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOL CENSUS SCHOOL CENSUSES SCHOOL COUNCILS SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SCHOOL ENROLLMENTS SCHOOL INFRASTRUCTURE SCHOOL LEVEL SCHOOL LOCATION SCHOOL PARTICIPATION SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SIGNIFICANT IMPACT STUDENT-TEACHER RATIO TEACHER TEACHERS Instead of mean-tested conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs, some countries have implemented gender-targeted CCTs to explicitly address intra-household disparities in human capital investments. This study focuses on addressing the direct impact of a female school stipend program in Punjab, Pakistan: Did the intervention increase female enrollment in public schools? To address this question, the authors draw on data from the provincial school censuses of 2003 and 2005. They estimate the net growth in female enrollments in grades 6-8 in stipend eligible schools. Impact evaluation analysis, including difference-and-difference (DD), triple differencing (DDD), and regression-discontinuity design (RDD) indicate a modest but statistically significant impact of the intervention. The preferred estimator derived from a combination of DDD and RDD empirical strategies suggests that the average program impact between 2003 and 2005 was an increase of six female students per school in terms of absolute change and an increase of 9 percent in female enrollment in terms of relative change. A triangulation effort is also undertaken using two rounds of a nationally representative household survey before and after the intervention. Even though the surveys are not representative at the subprovincial level, the results corroborate evidence of the impact using school census data. 2012-06-26T16:15:36Z 2012-06-26T16:15:36Z 2006-12 http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/12/7289481/conditional-cash-transfers-female-schooling-impact-female-school-stipend-program-public-school-enrollments-punjab-pakistan http://hdl.handle.net/10986/9260 English en_US Policy Research Working Paper; No. 4102 CC BY 3.0 IGO http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/igo/ World Bank World Bank, Washington, DC Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper Publications & Research South Asia Pakistan |
repository_type |
Digital Repository |
institution_category |
Foreign Institution |
institution |
Digital Repositories |
building |
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |
collection |
World Bank |
language |
English en_US |
topic |
ACCESS TO EDUCATION ADULTS ATTENDANCE RATE AVAILABILITY OF WATER AVERAGE LITERACY RATE BOYS SCHOOLS CENSUS DATA DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DROPOUT RATES DROPOUTS ECONOMIC FACTORS EDUCATION DEPARTMENT EDUCATION MANAGEMENT EDUCATION REFORM EDUCATION SECTOR EDUCATION SYSTEM EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTS EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT ENROLLMENT DATA ENROLLMENT GROWTH ENROLLMENT INDICATORS ENROLLMENT RATE ENROLLMENT RATES EXPENDITURES FEMALE CHILDREN FEMALE EDUCATION FEMALE ENROLLMENT FEMALE SCHOOLING FEMALE STUDENTS FEMALE TEACHERS FREE TEXTBOOKS GENDER BIAS GENDER DIFFERENCES GENDER DISPARITY GIRLS GIRLS SCHOOLS GROSS ENROLLMENT GROWTH IN ENROLLMENT HEALTH CARE HIGH SCHOOLS HIGHER REPETITION HUMAN CAPITAL ILLITERACY ILLITERACY RATE INFORMATION SYSTEMS INTERVENTIONS LEARNING LITERACY LITERACY RATES LITERATURE LIVING STANDARDS MIDDLE SCHOOL MIDDLE SCHOOL EDUCATION MIDDLE SCHOOLS NEGATIVE IMPACT NET ENROLLMENT NUMBER OF SCHOOLS NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS PAPERS PERFORMANCE INDICATORS POOR PERFORMANCE POSITIVE IMPACT PRIMARY DATA PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY EDUCATION SECTOR PRIVATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS PRIVATE ENROLLMENTS PRIVATE PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRIVATE SCHOOL PRIVATE SCHOOLING PRIVATE SCHOOLS PRIVATE SECONDARY SCHOOLS PROVINCIAL EDUCATION PUBLIC EDUCATION PUBLIC EDUCATION SYSTEM PUBLIC SCHOOL PUBLIC SCHOOLING PUBLIC SCHOOLS PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS PUPILS REGULAR ATTENDANCE REPETITION RATES RURAL AREAS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOL CENSUS SCHOOL CENSUSES SCHOOL COUNCILS SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SCHOOL ENROLLMENTS SCHOOL INFRASTRUCTURE SCHOOL LEVEL SCHOOL LOCATION SCHOOL PARTICIPATION SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SIGNIFICANT IMPACT STUDENT-TEACHER RATIO TEACHER TEACHERS |
spellingShingle |
ACCESS TO EDUCATION ADULTS ATTENDANCE RATE AVAILABILITY OF WATER AVERAGE LITERACY RATE BOYS SCHOOLS CENSUS DATA DEVELOPING COUNTRIES DROPOUT RATES DROPOUTS ECONOMIC FACTORS EDUCATION DEPARTMENT EDUCATION MANAGEMENT EDUCATION REFORM EDUCATION SECTOR EDUCATION SYSTEM EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTS EDUCATIONAL OUTCOMES EMPLOYMENT ENROLLMENT DATA ENROLLMENT GROWTH ENROLLMENT INDICATORS ENROLLMENT RATE ENROLLMENT RATES EXPENDITURES FEMALE CHILDREN FEMALE EDUCATION FEMALE ENROLLMENT FEMALE SCHOOLING FEMALE STUDENTS FEMALE TEACHERS FREE TEXTBOOKS GENDER BIAS GENDER DIFFERENCES GENDER DISPARITY GIRLS GIRLS SCHOOLS GROSS ENROLLMENT GROWTH IN ENROLLMENT HEALTH CARE HIGH SCHOOLS HIGHER REPETITION HUMAN CAPITAL ILLITERACY ILLITERACY RATE INFORMATION SYSTEMS INTERVENTIONS LEARNING LITERACY LITERACY RATES LITERATURE LIVING STANDARDS MIDDLE SCHOOL MIDDLE SCHOOL EDUCATION MIDDLE SCHOOLS NEGATIVE IMPACT NET ENROLLMENT NUMBER OF SCHOOLS NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS PAPERS PERFORMANCE INDICATORS POOR PERFORMANCE POSITIVE IMPACT PRIMARY DATA PRIMARY EDUCATION PRIMARY EDUCATION SECTOR PRIVATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS PRIVATE ENROLLMENTS PRIVATE PRIMARY SCHOOLS PRIVATE SCHOOL PRIVATE SCHOOLING PRIVATE SCHOOLS PRIVATE SECONDARY SCHOOLS PROVINCIAL EDUCATION PUBLIC EDUCATION PUBLIC EDUCATION SYSTEM PUBLIC SCHOOL PUBLIC SCHOOLING PUBLIC SCHOOLS PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS PUPILS REGULAR ATTENDANCE REPETITION RATES RURAL AREAS SCHOOL ATTENDANCE SCHOOL CENSUS SCHOOL CENSUSES SCHOOL COUNCILS SCHOOL ENROLLMENT SCHOOL ENROLLMENTS SCHOOL INFRASTRUCTURE SCHOOL LEVEL SCHOOL LOCATION SCHOOL PARTICIPATION SECONDARY EDUCATION SECONDARY SCHOOL SIGNIFICANT IMPACT STUDENT-TEACHER RATIO TEACHER TEACHERS Chaudhury, Nazmul Parajuli, Dilip Conditional Cash Transfers and Female Schooling : The Impact of the Female School Stipend Program on Public School Enrollments in Punjab, Pakistan |
geographic_facet |
South Asia Pakistan |
relation |
Policy Research Working Paper; No. 4102 |
description |
Instead of mean-tested conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs, some countries have implemented gender-targeted CCTs to explicitly address intra-household disparities in human capital investments. This study focuses on addressing the direct impact of a female school stipend program in Punjab, Pakistan: Did the intervention increase female enrollment in public schools? To address this question, the authors draw on data from the provincial school censuses of 2003 and 2005. They estimate the net growth in female enrollments in grades 6-8 in stipend eligible schools. Impact evaluation analysis, including difference-and-difference (DD), triple differencing (DDD), and regression-discontinuity design (RDD) indicate a modest but statistically significant impact of the intervention. The preferred estimator derived from a combination of DDD and RDD empirical strategies suggests that the average program impact between 2003 and 2005 was an increase of six female students per school in terms of absolute change and an increase of 9 percent in female enrollment in terms of relative change. A triangulation effort is also undertaken using two rounds of a nationally representative household survey before and after the intervention. Even though the surveys are not representative at the subprovincial level, the results corroborate evidence of the impact using school census data. |
format |
Publications & Research :: Policy Research Working Paper |
author |
Chaudhury, Nazmul Parajuli, Dilip |
author_facet |
Chaudhury, Nazmul Parajuli, Dilip |
author_sort |
Chaudhury, Nazmul |
title |
Conditional Cash Transfers and Female Schooling : The Impact of the Female School Stipend Program on Public School Enrollments in Punjab, Pakistan |
title_short |
Conditional Cash Transfers and Female Schooling : The Impact of the Female School Stipend Program on Public School Enrollments in Punjab, Pakistan |
title_full |
Conditional Cash Transfers and Female Schooling : The Impact of the Female School Stipend Program on Public School Enrollments in Punjab, Pakistan |
title_fullStr |
Conditional Cash Transfers and Female Schooling : The Impact of the Female School Stipend Program on Public School Enrollments in Punjab, Pakistan |
title_full_unstemmed |
Conditional Cash Transfers and Female Schooling : The Impact of the Female School Stipend Program on Public School Enrollments in Punjab, Pakistan |
title_sort |
conditional cash transfers and female schooling : the impact of the female school stipend program on public school enrollments in punjab, pakistan |
publisher |
World Bank, Washington, DC |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2006/12/7289481/conditional-cash-transfers-female-schooling-impact-female-school-stipend-program-public-school-enrollments-punjab-pakistan http://hdl.handle.net/10986/9260 |
_version_ |
1764406788088659968 |